Day363|心理学解决方案:有些欲望不管,就会做出无底线的事

上句见:Day362
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第7节VI. The Psychological Solution第6段引文第2句:

Certain of the unnecessary pleasures and instincts are deemed to be unlawful; every man appears to have them, but in some persons they are subjected to the control of law and reason ["sublimated"], and the better desires prevailing over them, they are either wholly suppressed, or reduced in strength and number; while in other persons these desires are stronger and more abundant. I mean particularly those desires which are awake when the reasoning and taming and ruling power ["censor"] of the personality is asleep; the wild beast in our nature, gorged with meat and drink, starts up and walks about naked, and surfeits at his will; and there is no conceivable folly or crime, however shameless or unnatural —not expecting incest or parricide ["CEdipus complex"] — of which such a nature may not be guilty…. But when a man's pulse is healthy and temperate, and he goes to sleep cool and rational, … having indulged his appetites neither too much nor too little, but just enough to lay them to sleep, … he is then least likely to be the sport of fanciful and lawless visions…. In all of us, even in good men, there is such a latent wild beast nature, which peers out in sleep(571-2).
浙江大学译本:我说的欲望尤其指那些个体的理智、服从和控制能力(“审查者”) 尚在熟睡之时便已经觉醒的欲求。它们有如我们天性中的一头野兽,酒肉下肚后便站起身来,赤身裸体地四处走动,肆意妄为;任何我们所能想到的蠢事或罪恶,不论它是多么的鲜廉寡耻或违背自然—哪怕是乱伦或弑父(“俄狄浦斯情结”)-—都发端于这头野兽……

解析

1、I mean particularly those desires which are awake when the reasoning and taming and ruling power ["censor"] of the personality is asleep;
我尤指那些个性中的理智、驯化和统治能力(“审查者”)在熟睡时便已苏醒的欲望;
censor: a person who examines books, movies, letters, etc., and removes things that are considered to be offensive, immoral, harmful to society, etc.审查官,监察员
This is the actual show of things with us; this is the England seen by our bitterest censors. 这是我们的真实表现;这就是我们最严厉的审查员眼中的英格兰。《四季随笔》
2、the wild beast in our nature, gorged with meat and drink, starts up and walks about naked, and surfeits at his will;
我们本性中的野兽,在饱食痛饮后赤裸起身四处走动,随从所欲地纵情享乐;
gorge: to eat large amounts of food贪婪地吃;狼吞虎咽,一般后面跟on连用
It's like gorging yourself on a disgusting meal not because you're hungry, but because you want to gripe about it later.这就像你狼吞虎咽地吃下令人作呕的饭菜,不是因为你饿了,而是因为你想事后抱怨它。《纽约时报》
surfeit: To feed to excess or satiety; to sicken or disorder by overfeeding饮食过度,沉溺于
I could continue them till the reader was surfeited, if desirable.如果需要的话,我可以继续它们,直到读者感到厌烦为止。《马克·吐温短篇小说集》
3、and there is no conceivable folly or crime, however shameless or unnatural —not expecting incest or parricide ["CEdipus complex"] — of which such a nature may not be guilty….
没有什么可想象的愚蠢或罪行是本性是做不出来的,无论多么不知羞耻或违背常理——哪怕是乱伦或弑亲(“俄狄清斯情结”)。
conceivable: able to be imagined可想象的;可想到的;可以相信
It is equally conceivable that the fantasy-made-reality of human space flight will return to fantasy.同样可以想象的是,人类太空飞行这一已经成为现实的幻想有朝一日重回到幻想。《经济学人》
incest: sexual intercourse between people who are very closely related乱伦
Evolutionary biology posits that humans, as well as other animals, should have incest avoidance.进化生物学认为,人类和其他动物都就避免乱伦。《耶鲁大学公开课:心理学导论》
parricide: the action of killing a near relative, either parent弑亲
Most parricides are the result of years of abuse, but Catherine and Caleb say they had a happy childhood, so why kill their parents? 大多数弑亲行为都源于多年的虐待,但Catherine and Caleb说他们的童年很幸福,那么他们为什么要杀了自己的父母呢?《逍遥法外》
"CEdipus complex俄狄清斯情结":它发生在弗洛伊德的人格发展五阶段的第三个阶段性器期(3-6),表现为男孩对母亲、女孩对父亲产生强烈的情感依赖。

这句指出那些不受控制的欲望可能会做出无底限的愚蠢和罪行。

我尤指那些个性中的理智、驯化和统治能力(“审查者”)在熟睡时便已苏醒的欲望;我们本性中的野兽,在饱食痛饮后赤裸起身四处走动,随从所欲地纵情享乐;
没有什么可想象的愚蠢或罪行是本性是做不出来的,无论多么不知羞耻或违背常理——哪怕是乱伦或弑亲(“俄狄清斯情结”)。

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作者:congcong
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