Unit 20 I sometimes work late

第二十课 我有时干得很晚

本课重点：怎么说明经常干什么以及以前干过些什么

A. Texts & Notes

1. I often work late on Friday.

弗朗西斯在办公室，亚瑟来电话：
Francis: Hello, Francis Matthews here.
Arthur: Hello, Francis. It's Arthur. What are you doing in your office?
Francis: I'm working. I often work late on Friday. I'm busy.
Arthur: Come and have dinner us tomorrow.
Francis: Sorry. I never go out on Saturday night. I always wacth football then, on television.
Arthur: Would you come next Wednesday?
Francis: Just a moment! I always wacth football on Saturday night. Always. I usually stay at home on Sunday. Usually. I often go out on Monday night. Often. I sometimes go to the cinema on Tuesday night. Sometimes. Yes, Arthur. I'll come to dinner on Wednesday.

弗朗西斯：喂，我是弗朗西斯. 麦休斯。
亚瑟：你好啊，弗朗西斯。我是亚瑟。你在办公室干什么呢？
弗朗西斯：我在工作。我星期五经常干得很晚。我忙着呢。
亚瑟：明天来和我们一起吃晚饭吧。
弗朗西斯：对不起，我星期六晚上从来不出门。星期六晚上我总是守着电视机看足球赛。
亚瑟：你下星期三能来吗？
弗朗西斯：等一下。 星期六晚上我总是看足球。总是。星期日我经常呆在家里。经常。星期一晚上常常出门。常常。星期二晚上我有时去看电影。有时。行，亚瑟。我星期三来吃晚饭。

注1. always, usually, often, sometimes 以及 never 都是副词，用于一般现在时句子中，不同程度地表示经常性、习惯性动作。这些副词在句子中通常位于谓语动词之前（参阅第十课注7）。如：
You're early today. You usually get back at six o'clock on Wednesdays. （今天你早啦。星期三你一般是六点钟回来的。）
Do you always come here at lunch time? （你中午吃饭的时候总是到这里来吗？）
No. I sometimes go to the restaurant downstairs. （不。我有时到楼下餐厅去。）
Do you often work late? （你常常工作得很晚吗？）
I never come into the office at the weekend. （我周末从来不进办公室。）
注2. always, usually, often, sometimes 和 never 可以独立使用在简单的答话中。如：
— Do you often go out on monday night? No, never.
— Do you wacth television on Saturdays? Yes, always.
— Do you go to the cinema on Sunday? Yes, sometimes.
注3. always 与 often 程度上不同。always 是经常，总是如此，没有例外。often 则是时常，常常。often 本身还有程度差别，所以还可问：How often? 可说：Very often. 或 Quite often.
注4. never 本身就是否定意思，因而不与 not 连用。
注5. Saturday night 是星期六晚上。同样，Sunday afternoon, Monday morning 等等。如：We often go to the cinema on Saturday evening.
如果是每个星期六晚上，可以说：We always go to the cinema on the Saturday evenings. 注意-s 加在evening 后，而不量加在 Saturday 后。
注6. Come and have dinner with us tomorrow. 是一种非正式的邀请方式（参阅第十一课注9）。
注7. to go out, 外出，指不在家，出来了。第十六课中学过 to go away, 那个外出是指离本地外出，到外地去。

2. A story by Francis Matthews

This is a story about Sherlock Holmes. Sherlock Holmes was a famous detective. His office was in Baker Steet, in London. He had an assistant. His name was Doctor Watson. The writer, sir Arthur Conan Doyle, wrote a lot of stories about Sherlock Holmes. I wrote a story about Holmes too. Here it is.
It was a dark night. I was with Doctor Watson. We wolked down the street and arrived at the front door of number 73, Mrs Harris opened the door. We waited outside.
Mrs Harris: Oh, please! Come in.
We went in. Mrs Harris closed the door.
Mrs Harris: Oh, sir. You are too late.
Holmes: Where is your husband?
Mrs Harris: Over there.
I looked at Mr Harris. He was dead. I went to him. Mrs Harris watched me. Dr Watson watched Mrs Harris.
Dr Watson: Did Mr Harris drink beer?
Mrs Harris: Yes. He usually drank beer.
Halmes: But tonight he didn't drank beer. He drank wine. It's eleven o'clock. Do you often have dinner late?
Mrs Harris: No, sir. We usually have dinner at seven. But tonight we went to the theatre.
Dr Watson: Look!
Holmes: Do you play this?
Mrs Harris: No, sir. My husband sometimes played it and I listened.
Holmes: Listen now.
They listened.
Dr Watson: Stop!
Mrs Harris: Stop!
Mr Harris: Stop!
I stopped.

这是关于歇洛克.福尔摩斯的一个故事。福尔摩斯是一位著名的侦探。他的办公室在伦敦贝克街。他有一位助手，名叫华生医生。作家亚瑟.柯南.道尔爵士写了许多关于福尔摩斯的故事。我也写了一个关于福尔摩斯的故事。故事是这样的：
深夜里，我和华生医生在一起。我们沿街步行，来到七十三号的大门口，哈里斯太太来开门。我们在外面等着。
路易斯太太：噢，请进来。
我们走了进去，哈里斯太太关上了门。
哈里斯太太：啊，你们来得太晚啦。
福尔摩斯：你丈夫在哪里？
哈里斯太太：就在那边。
我看了看哈里斯先生。他死了。我走到他旁边。哈里斯太太看着我，华生医生看着哈里斯太太。
华生医生：哈里斯先生喝啤酒了吗？
路易斯太太：喝了。他通常是喝啤酒的。
福尔摩斯：可是他今晚上没喝啤酒。他喝了葡萄酒。现有十一点钟。你们常常很晚才吃晚饭吗？
哈里斯太太：不经常，先生。我们一般是七点钟吃晚饭。可是今天晚上我们去看戏了。
华生医生：瞧！
福尔摩斯：你拉这个（指小提琴）吗？
哈里斯太太：不，先生。我丈夫有时候拉，我听他拉。
福尔摩斯：现在，你听。
他们听着。
华生医生：别拉了！
哈里斯太太：别拉了！
哈里斯：别拉了！
我停止了。

注8. A story by Francis Matthews 意思是“弗朗西斯.麦休斯写的故事”，by 说明作者。
This is a story about Sherlock Holmes. 意思是“这是关于歇洛克.福尔摩斯的故事”， about 说明作品的内容。
注9. 参阅第十六课注10、11、12，复习关于动词的一般过去时态。
注10. 规则动词的过去式加的 -ed 读音有三种：
/d/ — 在元音和浊辅音后。如：played; arrived; closed; listened; ……
/t/— 在清辅音后。如：watched; looked; smoked; walked; ……
/ɪd/— 在 /t/ 和/d/ 后。如：needed; wanted; waited; visited; ……

3. We went to Italy last year.

弗朗西斯在亚瑟夫妇家参观亚瑟夫妇度假时拍摄的幻灯片。
Francis: Ah. Italy. Do you like Italy, Arthur?
Arthur: Yes., We went there holiday.
Francis: When did you go there?
Arthur's wife: We went to Italy last year.
Francis: What did you do there?
Arthue' wife: We went to the shops?
Francis: What did you buy?
Arthur: I bought some wine.
Francis: Where did you go this year?
Arthur: Look! We went to France.
Francis: What did you buy in France?
Arthur: I bought some wine.
Arthur' wife: Yes. We bought some wine.
Francis: I went to France last year and I went to Italy. But this year I stayed in England.
Arthur' wife: What did you do?
Francis: I made some wine. Look! I make wine every year. Would you like some?

弗朗西斯：啊，意大利。亚瑟，你喜欢意大利吗？
亚瑟：喜欢。我们到那儿度假了。
弗朗西斯：你们什么时候去的？
亚瑟妻：我们是去年到意大利去的。
弗朗西斯：你们在那里干些什么呢？
亚瑟妻：我们逛商店。
弗朗西斯：你们买什么啦？
亚瑟：我买了一些酒。
弗朗西斯：今年你们到哪里去了？
亚瑟妻：看，我们去法国了。
弗朗西斯：你们在法国买了什么哦？
亚瑟：我买了一些酒。
亚瑟妻：是的。我们买了一些酒。
弗朗西斯：我去年去了法国，然后又去了意大利。可是今年我就呆在英国了。
亚瑟妻：你做了什么事呢？
弗朗西斯： 我酿酒。瞧！我每年都酿酒。你们想来一点吗？

注11. 行为动词的过去式不随人称变化，各人称都一样，但系动词 to be 有人称变化：
I; he; she; it — was
you; we; they — were
注12. buy 的过去式是 bought /bɔːt/ ，是不规则动词。我们学过的不规则动词有这些：

B. Exercise

1. 下列两段对话是电视节目中的实例，请填空：
   1st man: What you do on Saturday?
   2nd man: I to the football match. I saw Arsenal and Liverpool. It a good game. you go?
   1st man: No, I . I to the match, but last Saturday. I my family to Brighton.
   —— —— ——
   1st man: you see football on television last night?
   2nd man: No, I out. I always out on Mondays.
   Bar man: Two halves of bitter.
   1st man: Oh, I ask for two halves of bitte. I ordered one half and one gin and tonic.
   Bar man: Sorry, sir. the gin and tonic.

2. 下面是玛丽给珍妮的一封信。读后请回答下列问题：
   Dear Jane,
   How are you? Bob and I very well. Bob was very tired last month and last weekend we weat to Boulogne in France. We left Dover in the morning and arrivedat Boulogne at 11 o'clock. We walked through Boulogne and looked at the sops. They were very nice, but expensive. Then we had a good meal in a restaurant. It was very nice. Bob bought some French wine and I bought some perfume. On Saturday evening we went back to England. We arrived home at 10.30 and watched a French film on television!
   love,
   Mary
   (1) Where did Bob and Mary go?
   They went to France.
   (2) When did they go?
   They went there last weekend.
   (3) When did they do in Boulogne?
   They walked through Boulogne and looked at the shops.
   (4) What did they buy?
   They bought some French wine and perfume.
   (5) When did they arrive home?
   They arrived home at 10:30 on Sunday.
   (6) What did they do then?
   They watched a French film on TV.

3. 将 always, usually, sometimes, often 或 never 以及星期几填入下列各句：
   (1) I watch television on evening.
   (2) I listen to the radio on moning.
   (3) I work in the office on .
   (4) I don't write letters on evening,
   (5) I don't go to the shops on morning.

4. 下面是亚瑟一周的活动，他每周都习惯如此。请回答下列问题：

   

   (1) Dos he go to the cinema? (never)
   He never goes to the cinema.
   (2) Where dose he usually go? (theatre)
   He usually goes to the theatre.
   (3) What dose he do on Saturday evening? (film on TV)
   He watches filme on television.
   (4) Dose he go to parties? (sometimes)
   He sometimes goes to parties.

5. 请写一封简单的信，告诉你的朋友，你上星期都干了些什么事？
   Dear ,
   How are you? I had a good time last week. I went to a party at Bob's on Monday evening. John look me to a cinema on Tuesday. It was a new French film. I didn't go out Wednesday and Thursday. I stayed at home and studied English. I went to a concert on Friday evening. I enjoyed it very much.
   your,
   

C. Summary

1. 说法与用法

(1) 表示不同程度经常做某事：
Do you always ( never, often, sometimes, usually ) stay at home on Sunday?
I often ( never, always, sometimes, usually ) go out on Saturday night.
(2) 就过去发生的事情发问：
When did you go to Italy?
Where did you go?
What did you you buy?

2. 语法

(1) to be 的过去式：
I was; you were; he was; she was; it was; we were; you were; they were
(2) 行为动词过去式不随人称和数的变化。
(3) 规则动词结尾 -ed 读音规则：
/d/ — played; arrived; closed; listened; opened; …
/t/— watched; looked; smoked; walked; stopped; …
/ɪd/— needed; wanted; waited; visited; …

Always
Usually
Often
Sometimes
When did you go there?
We went to Italy last year.
What did you buy?
I bought some wine.

D. Words & Expressions

附1：Follow me （欧洲版教材）

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